Graduate References Guide: Who to Ask and How to Ask
TL;DR
- Most employers ask for two references: one academic and one work or character referee.
- Always ask permission before you list someone as a referee.
- Lecturers, managers, and volunteer coordinators make the best choices.
- Family members and close friends usually do not count.
Your graduate references can decide whether you get the job. Many graduates treat them as an afterthought. That is a mistake. A strong referee can confirm your skills and your character. A weak one can cost you the offer. This guide shows you who to ask, how to ask, and what to do when you have no work experience yet.
Employers really do check. CareerBuilder research in the US has found that around 7 in 10 employers check references before they make an offer. In the UK, the Acas guidance sets out how references should work. So your graduate references are not a formality. They are part of the hiring decision.
Why Graduate References Matter
References give employers proof. Your CV shows what you say you did. A referee confirms that you really did it. They also speak to things your CV cannot show, like your reliability, your honesty, and how you handle pressure.
Background screening data from Edify (US, 2025) shows that around 75% of employers verify employment and education history before hiring. References are part of that check. When two candidates are similar, the one with stronger references usually wins.
Graduate References: Who Should You Choose?
Choose people who know you and can speak to your strengths. Pick referees who will answer quickly and say good things. Here are the three main types.
Academic referees
A lecturer or tutor is the classic choice for a new graduate. They can confirm your degree, your grades, and your attitude in class. Choose someone who taught you more than once. A tutor who knows your name is better than a professor you met once in a big lecture.
Work referees
Any paid job counts, even part-time work. A manager from a shop, a cafe, or an internship can confirm your punctuality and your teamwork. Do not dismiss casual work. Employers like referees who saw you show up on time and do the job.
Character referees
No work or academic referee? Use a character referee. A volunteer coordinator, a sports coach, or a club leader can vouch for your honesty and your commitment. They should know you well and be easy for an employer to reach.
How Many References Do You Need?
Most applications ask for two. One should be academic. The other can be work or character. Check the form before you apply. Some firms ask for three.
| Referee type | Who to ask | What they confirm |
|---|---|---|
| Academic | A lecturer or tutor who taught you. | Your grades, your effort, and your attendance. |
| Professional | A manager from a job, placement, or internship. | Your reliability, your skills, and your teamwork. |
| Character | A volunteer coordinator, coach, or club leader. | Your honesty, your attitude, and your commitment. |
How to Ask for a Reference
Always ask before you add a name. Never list someone without their permission. Ask by email or in person. Give them time and context.
Here is a simple script you can adapt:
"Dear [Name], I hope you are well. I am applying for a [role] at [firm]. You taught me [course] and I learned a lot. Would you be happy to act as a reference for me? The deadline is [date]. I can send my CV and the job details. Thank you for your time."
Make it easy for them. Send your CV and the job description. Tell them what to highlight. Remind them a week before the deadline. And always send a thank-you note when they agree.
What If You Have No Work Experience?
This is common for new graduates. You still have options. Use a lecturer from your final year. Use a tutor from your course. Use a volunteer coordinator if you gave your time to a charity or a campus group.
Even part-time jobs count as experience. A summer job, a family business, or a freelance project all show something. If you have nothing at all, ask a mentor or a careers adviser. And make sure your CV is ready first. See our guide to CVs that beat ATS systems before you ask anyone for their time.
Reference Mistakes to Avoid
- Never use family members or close friends as referees.
- Never list someone who does not know you well.
- Never use an old contact number or email address.
- Never ask at the last minute. Give people two weeks.
- Never let a referee be surprised by your application.
What Happens After You Apply
Employers usually check references at the offer stage. That means your referee may not be contacted until late in the process. Tell your referees where you have applied. Warn them when a call may come. Run through the full graduate application checklist while you wait.
If you keep your referees informed, they will speak well of you. If you forget them, they may be slow or confused. A little courtesy goes a long way.
Your Next Step
Your CV and your references work together. Check both before you apply. Use our free CV checker to make sure your CV is ready. Then pick your referees, ask them early, and keep them updated.
References are a small part of the process, but they can tip the balance. Choose well, ask politely, and stay in touch. When you land the role, keep your referees posted. They helped you get there. Then plan how to succeed in your first 90 days in the job.
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By Ori